Hernia

Definition:

It is an abnormal protrusion of a part or whole of a viscus through an opening in the wall of the cavity in which it is contained.

Types of hernia:

A.External:

1. Inginal
2. Umbilical
3. Femoral(female)
4. Incisional

B.Internal:

1. Hiatus hernia
2. Herniation of brain through the foramen of morgagni
3. Herniation of abdominal organ through the diaphram.

Commonest:Indirect inguinal hernia(commonest of all)
Commoner hernias:

1. Inguinal
2. Femoral
3. Incisional
4. Umbilical

Clinically 4 types:

1. Reducible
2. Irreducible
3. Obstructed
4. Strangulated

Parts of hernia: Herniaa consists of three parts
1.Sac:

• Mouth
• Neck
• Body
• Fundus

2.Contents:

• Intestine-enterocele
• Omentum-Omentocele

Hernia pictures:

Hernia pictures of male genitalia:

Symptoms of hernia:

1.A lump
2.Discomfort of pain-due to stretching of neck.
severe pain-obstruction/strangulation
3.Vomiting

Treatment of hernia:

• Indirect inguinal hernia(Uncomplicated)

Adolescent,Young adult-Herniotomy
They have very good inguinal muscle.
Elderly-Herniotomy and herniorrhaphy.

• Complicated(strangulated)

Emergency operation done after resuscitation.